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Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review

Identifieur interne : 000110 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000109; suivant : 000111

Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review

Auteurs : Junxiong Pang [Singapour] ; Min Xian Wang [Singapour] ; Ian Yi Han Ang ; Sharon Hui Xuan Tan ; Ruth Frances Lewis ; Jacinta I-Pei Chen ; Ramona A. Gutierrez ; Sylvia Xiao Wei Gwee [Singapour] ; Pearleen Ee Yong Chua [Singapour] ; Qian Yang ; Xian Yi Ng ; Rowena K. S. Yap ; Hao Yi Tan ; Yik Ying Teo ; Chorh Chuan Tan ; Alex R. Cook ; Jason Chin-Huat Yap ; Li Yang Hsu

Source :

RBID : PMC:7141113

Abstract

Rapid diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics are important interventions for the management of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak. It is timely to systematically review the potential of these interventions, including those for Middle East respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV, to guide policymakers globally on their prioritization of resources for research and development. A systematic search was carried out in three major electronic databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library) to identify published studies in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Supplementary strategies through Google Search and personal communications were used. A total of 27 studies fulfilled the criteria for review. Several laboratory protocols for confirmation of suspected 2019-nCoV cases using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) have been published. A commercial RT-PCR kit developed by the Beijing Genomic Institute is currently widely used in China and likely in Asia. However, serological assays as well as point-of-care testing kits have not been developed but are likely in the near future. Several vaccine candidates are in the pipeline. The likely earliest Phase 1 vaccine trial is a synthetic DNA-based candidate. A number of novel compounds as well as therapeutics licensed for other conditions appear to have in vitro efficacy against the 2019-nCoV. Some are being tested in clinical trials against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, while others have been listed for clinical trials against 2019-nCoV. However, there are currently no effective specific antivirals or drug combinations supported by high-level evidence.


Url:
DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030623
PubMed: 32110875
PubMed Central: 7141113


Affiliations:


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<name sortKey="Teo, Yik Ying" sort="Teo, Yik Ying" uniqKey="Teo Y" first="Yik Ying" last="Teo">Yik Ying Teo</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tan, Chorh Chuan" sort="Tan, Chorh Chuan" uniqKey="Tan C" first="Chorh Chuan" last="Tan">Chorh Chuan Tan</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af4-jcm-09-00623">Ministry of Health, Singapore 169854, Singapore;
<email>chorhchuan.tan@moht.com.sg</email>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Cook, Alex R" sort="Cook, Alex R" uniqKey="Cook A" first="Alex R." last="Cook">Alex R. Cook</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yap, Jason Chin Huat" sort="Yap, Jason Chin Huat" uniqKey="Yap J" first="Jason Chin-Huat" last="Yap">Jason Chin-Huat Yap</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hsu, Li Yang" sort="Hsu, Li Yang" uniqKey="Hsu L" first="Li Yang" last="Hsu">Li Yang Hsu</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<analytic>
<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Pang, Junxiong" sort="Pang, Junxiong" uniqKey="Pang J" first="Junxiong" last="Pang">Junxiong Pang</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="af2-jcm-09-00623">Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Wang, Min Xian" sort="Wang, Min Xian" uniqKey="Wang M" first="Min Xian" last="Wang">Min Xian Wang</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="af2-jcm-09-00623">Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ang, Ian Yi Han" sort="Ang, Ian Yi Han" uniqKey="Ang I" first="Ian Yi Han" last="Ang">Ian Yi Han Ang</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan" sort="Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan" uniqKey="Tan S" first="Sharon Hui Xuan" last="Tan">Sharon Hui Xuan Tan</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Lewis, Ruth Frances" sort="Lewis, Ruth Frances" uniqKey="Lewis R" first="Ruth Frances" last="Lewis">Ruth Frances Lewis</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chen, Jacinta I Pei" sort="Chen, Jacinta I Pei" uniqKey="Chen J" first="Jacinta I-Pei" last="Chen">Jacinta I-Pei Chen</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gutierrez, Ramona A" sort="Gutierrez, Ramona A" uniqKey="Gutierrez R" first="Ramona A" last="Gutierrez">Ramona A. Gutierrez</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af3-jcm-09-00623">National Centre for Infectious Diseases, Singapore 308442, Singapore;
<email>ramona_a_gutierrez@ncid.sg</email>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Gwee, Sylvia Xiao Wei" sort="Gwee, Sylvia Xiao Wei" uniqKey="Gwee S" first="Sylvia Xiao Wei" last="Gwee">Sylvia Xiao Wei Gwee</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="af2-jcm-09-00623">Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Chua, Pearleen Ee Yong" sort="Chua, Pearleen Ee Yong" uniqKey="Chua P" first="Pearleen Ee Yong" last="Chua">Pearleen Ee Yong Chua</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4">
<nlm:aff id="af2-jcm-09-00623">Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Singapour</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549</wicri:regionArea>
<orgName type="university">Université nationale de Singapour</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yang, Qian" sort="Yang, Qian" uniqKey="Yang Q" first="Qian" last="Yang">Qian Yang</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ng, Xian Yi" sort="Ng, Xian Yi" uniqKey="Ng X" first="Xian Yi" last="Ng">Xian Yi Ng</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yap, Rowena K S" sort="Yap, Rowena K S" uniqKey="Yap R" first="Rowena K. S." last="Yap">Rowena K. S. Yap</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tan, Hao Yi" sort="Tan, Hao Yi" uniqKey="Tan H" first="Hao Yi" last="Tan">Hao Yi Tan</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Teo, Yik Ying" sort="Teo, Yik Ying" uniqKey="Teo Y" first="Yik Ying" last="Teo">Yik Ying Teo</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Tan, Chorh Chuan" sort="Tan, Chorh Chuan" uniqKey="Tan C" first="Chorh Chuan" last="Tan">Chorh Chuan Tan</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af4-jcm-09-00623">Ministry of Health, Singapore 169854, Singapore;
<email>chorhchuan.tan@moht.com.sg</email>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Cook, Alex R" sort="Cook, Alex R" uniqKey="Cook A" first="Alex R." last="Cook">Alex R. Cook</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Yap, Jason Chin Huat" sort="Yap, Jason Chin Huat" uniqKey="Yap J" first="Jason Chin-Huat" last="Yap">Jason Chin-Huat Yap</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Hsu, Li Yang" sort="Hsu, Li Yang" uniqKey="Hsu L" first="Li Yang" last="Hsu">Li Yang Hsu</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1-jcm-09-00623">Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
<email>ephwmx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(M.X.W.);
<email>yha2103@columbia.edu</email>
(I.Y.H.A.);
<email>tan.sharon@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.H.X.T.);
<email>ephrfl@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.F.L.);
<email>ephcij@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.I.-P.C.);
<email>ephsgxw@nus.edu.sg</email>
(S.X.W.G.);
<email>ephceyp@nus.edu.sg</email>
(P.E.Y.C.);
<email>yang_qian@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Q.Y.);
<email>ephngx@nus.edu.sg</email>
(X.Y.N.);
<email>ephryks@nus.edu.sg</email>
(R.K.S.Y.);
<email>haoyi.tan.official@gmail.com</email>
(H.Y.T.);
<email>ephtyy@nus.edu.sg</email>
(Y.Y.T.);
<email>ephcar@nus.edu.sg</email>
(A.R.C.);
<email>jasonyap@nus.edu.sg</email>
(J.C.-H.Y.);
<email>mdchly@nus.edu.sg</email>
(L.Y.H.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series>
<title level="j">Journal of Clinical Medicine</title>
<idno type="eISSN">2077-0383</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2020">2020</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc>
<textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">
<p>Rapid diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics are important interventions for the management of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak. It is timely to systematically review the potential of these interventions, including those for Middle East respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV, to guide policymakers globally on their prioritization of resources for research and development. A systematic search was carried out in three major electronic databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library) to identify published studies in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Supplementary strategies through Google Search and personal communications were used. A total of 27 studies fulfilled the criteria for review. Several laboratory protocols for confirmation of suspected 2019-nCoV cases using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) have been published. A commercial RT-PCR kit developed by the Beijing Genomic Institute is currently widely used in China and likely in Asia. However, serological assays as well as point-of-care testing kits have not been developed but are likely in the near future. Several vaccine candidates are in the pipeline. The likely earliest Phase 1 vaccine trial is a synthetic DNA-based candidate. A number of novel compounds as well as therapeutics licensed for other conditions appear to have in vitro efficacy against the 2019-nCoV. Some are being tested in clinical trials against MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, while others have been listed for clinical trials against 2019-nCoV. However, there are currently no effective specific antivirals or drug combinations supported by high-level evidence.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<name sortKey="Yang, Qian" sort="Yang, Qian" uniqKey="Yang Q" first="Qian" last="Yang">Qian Yang</name>
<name sortKey="Yap, Jason Chin Huat" sort="Yap, Jason Chin Huat" uniqKey="Yap J" first="Jason Chin-Huat" last="Yap">Jason Chin-Huat Yap</name>
<name sortKey="Yap, Rowena K S" sort="Yap, Rowena K S" uniqKey="Yap R" first="Rowena K. S." last="Yap">Rowena K. S. Yap</name>
</noCountry>
<country name="Singapour">
<noRegion>
<name sortKey="Pang, Junxiong" sort="Pang, Junxiong" uniqKey="Pang J" first="Junxiong" last="Pang">Junxiong Pang</name>
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<name sortKey="Chua, Pearleen Ee Yong" sort="Chua, Pearleen Ee Yong" uniqKey="Chua P" first="Pearleen Ee Yong" last="Chua">Pearleen Ee Yong Chua</name>
<name sortKey="Gwee, Sylvia Xiao Wei" sort="Gwee, Sylvia Xiao Wei" uniqKey="Gwee S" first="Sylvia Xiao Wei" last="Gwee">Sylvia Xiao Wei Gwee</name>
<name sortKey="Wang, Min Xian" sort="Wang, Min Xian" uniqKey="Wang M" first="Min Xian" last="Wang">Min Xian Wang</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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